After the end of the Neoproterozoic came the rise of more complex life ... the transfer of chemical elements through the ...

With an underlying universal theme of convection, a new textbook introduces upper-level geology, geophysics, physics, and engineering students to the geophysics behind the Earth System.

Life on Earth had to begin somewhere, and scientists think that “somewhere” is LUCA—or the Last Universal Common Ancestor.

Most of the available information suggests that early Earth didn't have a huge supply of these complex molecules, if any at all, but it did have the raw ingredients for them: various combinations ...