Lysine amino acids, in particular, have complicated the addition of functional molecules to the N-terminus of peptides. The ...

Amino acids are small molecules that are the building blocks of proteins. Proteins serve as structural support inside the cell and they perform many vital chemical reactions. Each protein is a ...

Additionally, each protein contains a wide range of functional groups (groups of atoms attached to the amino acids that participate in specific chemical reactions) that may affect its final shape.

At the molecular level, gluten is made up of two proteins called gliadin and glutenin. A protein is a molecule made of a chain of repeating units called amino acids (Fig. 2). Although an amino acid ...

Understanding the properties of different compounds caused by functional groups and intermolecular forces is important. A common carboxylic acid is ethanoic acid, vinegar. Carboxylic acids are ...

Shocks, cosmic rays and x-rays seem to ionise and fragment saturated molecules via mechanisms that result in structures with ...