The normal numbering system, starting with the carboxylic acid, is shown in blue ... In these drawings, every line is a bond and every bend is a carbon atom. Most hydrogen atoms are not shown ...

Carboxylic acids are one of the most important substance ... First, a typically unreactive carbon–hydrogen bond must be ...

As reduction is the opposite of oxidation, it can be defined as the removal of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen to a molecule. Carboxylic acids can also react with bases to form a salt and water ...

A carbon atom is located at the center of an amino acid. The carbon atom forms a bond with a hydrogen atom, an amino group, a carboxylic acid group, and an R group. An R group is a unique side ...