What is the differential diagnosis for a formerly active and healthy 70-year-old woman with worsening proximal weakness, torticollis, and a widespread raised red rash across her cheeks bilaterally?

A 30-year-old African-American woman presented to the emergency department for medical assessment after becoming too weak to walk. She reported proximal muscle aches in both arms and legs, a skin rash ...

Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy typically presents with progressive symmetrical proximal muscle weakness and myalgias, although some cases can present with respiratory and esophageal muscle ...

Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) presents with a characteristic clinical phenotype of slow-onset weakness and atrophy, affecting proximal and distal limb muscles and facial and pharyngeal ...

Mr. M, age 56, arrived in the ER with progressive weakness. Until the fatigue began, he had exercised daily at a gym. Over a two-week period, however, the debility had worsened such that he was unable ...

Classic DM (CDM) presents with pathognomonic cutaneous findings and progressive, symmetric proximal muscle weakness. Cutaneous disease usually precedes the appearance of myositis by 3–6 months in ...

Muscle ultrasound may be a useful tool in diagnosing later-onset spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), according to a new study that compared the technique to physical examinations and electromyography (EMG) ...

SMA is a genetic condition that impacts motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness that affects essential functions like breathing and movement. Treatments like Spinraza and Zolgensma can help manage ...

In this Journal feature, information about a real patient is presented in stages (boldface type) to an expert clinician, who responds to the information by sharing relevant background and reasoning ...