Disorders of sex development (DSDs) are defined as congenital conditions in which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomic sex is atypical Mutations in genes that encode transcription factors, ...

Penis envy is a theory from early psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. He believed that when female children realize they lack a penis, they feel “castrated” in comparison to males. Freud believed this was a ...

Disorders of sex development (DSDs) are estimated to be prevalent in 0.1–2% of the global population, although these figures are unlikely to adequately represent non-white patients as they are largely ...

Oral fixation may occur if a person’s needs are not met during a specific stage of childhood development, according to a theory introduced by psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. Oral fixations include habits ...