A USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory geologist takes measurements Wednesday of the fountain heights during episode 15 of the Kilauea summit eruption in Halema‘uma‘u crater.

Volcanoes formed some of the landscapes we see in New England today. ... Mount Pawtuckaway, just to the south, is another, smaller example of a ring dike from 110-130 million years ago.

About a month after the dike formed, with little warning, a volcanic eruption started northeast of Grindavík. The eruption could be seen from Reykjavík, roughly 50 kilometers away.