The particles that are in an atom: protons, neutrons and electrons The particles that are in protons and neutrons: quarks The four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, the strong force and ...

It’s a fundamental principle of physics that particles with opposite charges attract each other, while those with the same charge repel. But now, scientists at the University of Oxford have found that ...

Electromagnetism and the weak nuclear force are two distinct fundamental forces. That wasn’t always the case. How many fundamental forces are there in our universe? For particle physicists, answering ...

When the universe first burst into being, all of space was a cosmic cauldron filled with a roiling, fiery liquid of fundamental particles heated to trillions of degrees. Matter’s more ordinary ...

As far as we know, at the most basic level, the universe is made up of fundamental particles and controlled by four fundamental forces. The Standard Model explains these fundamental particles and ...

Some things are easier to achieve if you're not alone. As researchers from the University of Rostock, Germany have shown, this very human insight also applies to the most fundamental building blocks ...

After 25 years, Brookhaven National Laboratory’s Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider—the U.S.’s largest particle collider—has ...

Dark matter makes up 27 percent of the universe’s total mass and energy — nearly five times more than “normal” matter that comprises planets and stars. True to its name, dark matter is hard to ...

When most of us picture an atom, we think about a small nucleus made of protons and neutrons orbited by one or more electrons. We view these electrons as point-like while rapidly orbiting the nucleus.