The particles that are in an atom: protons, neutrons and electrons The particles that are in protons and neutrons: quarks The four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, the strong force and ...

Today's physicists are struggling with a quandary. They have accepted two separate theories that explain how the universe works: Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity, which describes the ...

Matter particles are only one part of the recipe for everything students see around them. The particles in matter must interact; otherwise the universe would just be one big collection of quarks and ...

As far as we know, at the most basic level, the universe is made up of fundamental particles and controlled by four fundamental forces. The Standard Model explains these fundamental particles and ...

Electromagnetism and the weak nuclear force are two distinct fundamental forces. That wasn’t always the case. How many fundamental forces are there in our universe? For particle physicists, answering ...

When most of us picture an atom, we think about a small nucleus made of protons and neutrons orbited by one or more electrons. We view these electrons as point-like while rapidly orbiting the nucleus.

The strong force can make some very odd particles. The only trouble is, we don't know if they actually exist. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s ...

Dark matter makes up 27 percent of the universe’s total mass and energy — nearly five times more than “normal” matter that comprises planets and stars. True to its name, dark matter is hard to ...

Neutrinos, often referred to as “ghost particles,” are subatomic entities that can pass through the densest of materials, ...

There are a lot of things that are inherent to our Universe that we take for granted. We rarely think about the laws of physics being what they are, the fundamental constants having the values that ...

Scientists at CERN have observed a rare phenomenon where a single top quark formed alongside W and Z bosons for the first ...