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  1. Game theory | Definition, Facts, & Examples | Britannica

    Sep 6, 2025 · Game theory, branch of applied mathematics that provides tools for analyzing situations in which parties, called players, make decisions that are interdependent. This …

  2. Game theory - Prisoners' Dilemma, Strategy, Economics | Britannica

    Oct 31, 2025 · Game theory - Prisoners' Dilemma, Strategy, Economics: To illustrate the kinds of difficulties that arise in two-person noncooperative variable-sum games, consider the …

  3. Definition, Example, Game Theory, & Facts - Britannica

    Oct 3, 2025 · Prisoner’s dilemma, imaginary situation employed in game theory. One version is as follows. Two prisoners are accused of a crime. If one confesses and the other does not, the …

  4. The Theory of Games and Economic Behavior - Encyclopedia …

    In their book The Theory of Games and Economic Behavior (1944), von Neumann and Morgenstern asserted that the mathematics developed for the physical sciences, which …

  5. Nash equilibrium | Definition, Examples, & Facts | Britannica

    Game theory uses mathematics to model and analyze situations in which decisions are interdependent. While it can be used to model recreational games such as Monopoly or poker, …

  6. Rational choice theory | Definition, Examples, & Facts - Britannica …

    Rational choice theory is a fundamental element of game theory, which provides a mathematical framework for analyzing individuals’ mutually interdependent interactions.

  7. Development and basics of game theory | Britannica

    Game theory was originally developed by John von Neumann and Oscar Morgenstern in their book The Theory of Games and Economic Behavior (1944). In a typical game, or competition …

  8. Game theory - Von Neumann, Morgenstern, Theory | Britannica

    Oct 31, 2025 · All in all, game theory holds out great promise not only for advancing the understanding of strategic interaction in very different settings but also for offering …

  9. William Riker | American Political Scientist & Political Strategist ...

    Sep 18, 2025 · William Riker (born September 22, 1920, Des Moines, Iowa, U.S.—died June 26, 1993, Rochester, New York) was an American political scientist who popularized the use of …

  10. Aggressive behaviour - Territorial, Dominance, Conflict | Britannica

    A game theory model, such as the famous Hawk-Dove model formulated in 1973 by English biologist John Maynard Smith and American biologist George Price, starts by defining a set of …